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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [ <!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../libs/global.ent"> <!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd."> <!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project"> <!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>"> <!ENTITY sg-title "Server Guide"> <!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Jaunty Jackalope"> <!ENTITY distro-rev "9.04"> <!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2009"> <!ENTITY distro-short-codename "jaunty"> <!ENTITY distro-apt-cd-name "Ubuntu 9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope"> <!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.27"> <!ENTITY gcc-version "4.3.1"> <!ENTITY glibc-version "2.8"> <!ENTITY python-version "2.5"> <!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml"> <!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../libs/C/legalnotice.xml"> <!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/"> <!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/"> <!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en"> <!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com"> <!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com"> <!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode"> <!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com"> <!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu"> <!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu"> <!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu"> <!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu"> <!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages 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connecttoserver "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Connect to Server...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY cowbell "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Cowbell Music Organizer</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY chromium "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Chromium</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY computer-janitor "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>System Janitor</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-background "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Desktop Background</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-effects "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Appearance</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Visual Effects</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-preferences 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'http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'"> <!ENTITY language "en"> ]> <article id="programming" status="review" lang="bg"> <articleinfo> <title>–ü–∏—Å–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ —Å–æ–±—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏</title> <legalnotice id="legal"> <title>–ó–∞—Å–ª—É–≥–∏ –∏ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑</title> <para>–¢–æ–∑–∏ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç —Å–µ –ø–æ–¥–¥—ä—Ä–∂–∞ –æ—Ç –µ–∫–∏–ø–∞ –∑–∞ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è –Ω–∞ Ubuntu (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam). –°–ø–∏—Å—ä–∫—ä—Ç —Å —É—á–∞—Ç–Ω–∏—Ü–∏—Ç–µ –≤ —Ç–æ–∑–∏ –µ–∫–∏–ø –≤–∏–∂—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ <ulink url="../../libs/C/contributors.xml">contributors page</ulink></para> <para>–¢–æ–∑–∏ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç –µ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—ä–ø–µ–Ω –ø–æ–¥ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∞ Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5 (CC-BY-SA).</para> <para>–ò–º–∞—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–æ—Ç–æ —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ –¥–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç–µ, —Ä–∞–∑—à–∏—Ä—è–≤–∞—Ç–µ –∏ –ø–æ–¥–æ–±—Ä—è–≤–∞—Ç–µ –∏–∑—Ö–æ–¥–Ω–∏—è –∫–æ–¥ –Ω–∞ Ubuntu –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è—Ç–∞ –ø—Ä–∏ —É—Å–ª–æ–≤–∏—è—Ç–∞ –Ω–∞ —Ç–æ–∑–∏ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑. –í—Å–∏—á–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–Ω–∏ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∫–∏ —Ç—Ä—è–±–≤–∞ –¥–∞ –±—ä–¥–∞—Ç –ø–æ–¥ —Å–∏–ª–∞—Ç–∞ –Ω–∞ —Ç–æ–∑–∏ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑.</para> <para>–¢–æ–∑–∏ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç —Å–µ —Ä–∞–∑–ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω—è–≤–∞ —Å –Ω–∞–¥–µ–∂–¥–∞—Ç–∞, —á–µ —â–µ –±—ä–¥–µ –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–µ–Ω, –Ω–æ –ë–ï–ó –ù–ò–ö–ê–ö–í–ê –ì–ê–†–ê–ù–¶–ò–Ø; –¥–æ—Ä–∏ –±–µ–∑ –∫–æ—Å–≤–µ–Ω–∞ –≥–∞—Ä–∞–Ω—Ü–∏—è –∑–∞ –ì–û–î–ù–û–°–¢ –ó–ê –ü–†–û–î–ê–ñ–ë–ê –∏–ª–∏ –ü–†–ò–ì–û–î–ù–û–°–¢ –ó–ê –£–ü–û–¢–†–ï–ë–ê –° –û–ü–†–ï–î–ï–õ–ï–ù–ê –¶–ï–õ, –ö–ê–ö–¢–û –ï –û–ü–ò–°–ê–ù–û –í –†–ê–ó–î–ï–õ–ê –û–¢–ö–ê–ó–í–ê–ù–ï –û–¢ –ü–†–ê–í–ê.</para> <para>–ö–æ–ø–∏–µ –Ω–∞ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∞ –º–æ–∂–µ –¥–∞ –Ω–∞–º–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ —Ç—É–∫: <ulink url="/usr/share/ubuntu-docs/libs/C/ccbysa.xml">Creative Commons ShareAlike License</ulink>.</para> </legalnotice> <copyright> <year>2008</year> <holder>Canonical Ltd. –∏ —á–ª–µ–Ω–æ–≤–µ—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ <ulink url="https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc">–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç—ä—Ç –∑–∞ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è –Ω–∞ Ubuntu</ulink></holder> </copyright> <publisher> <publishername>–ü—Ä–æ–∫–µ—Ç—ä—Ç –∑–∞ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è –Ω–∞ Ubuntu</publishername> </publisher> </articleinfo> <para>–¢–∞–∑–∏ —Å–µ–∫—Ü–∏—è —Å—ä–¥—ä—Ä–∂–∞ –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—è –∑–∞ —Ç–æ–≤–∞, –∫–∞–∫ –¥–∞ –∑–∞–ø–æ—á–Ω–µ—Ç–µ —Å –ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω–µ –∏ –∏–∑–ø—ä–ª–Ω—è–≤–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ –≤–∞—à–∏ —Å–æ–±—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏.</para> <sect1 id="programming-learning" status="review"> <title>–ù–∞—É—á–µ—Ç–µ —Å–µ –∫–∞–∫ –¥–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞—Ç–µ</title> <para>Ubuntu –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤—è –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Ä–µ—Å—É—Ä—Å–∏ –≤ –ø–æ–º–æ—â –Ω–∞ —Ç–æ–≤–∞ –¥–∞ —Å–µ –Ω–∞—É—á–∏—Ç–µ –∫–∞–∫ –¥–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞—Ç–µ –∏ –∏–∑–ø—ä–ª–Ω—è–≤–∞—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏. –û—Ç–¥–æ–ª—É –∏–º–∞ —Å–ø–∏—Å—ä–∫ –Ω–∞ –Ω—è–∫–æ–∏ —Ä–µ—Å—É—Ä—Å–∏, –∫–æ–∏—Ç–æ –º–æ–≥–∞—Ç –¥–∞ –≤–∏ –±—ä–¥–∞—Ç –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–∏.</para> <sect2 id="diveintopython" status="review"> <title><citetitle>–î–∞ —Å–µ –≥–º—É—Ä–Ω–µ–º –≤ Python</citetitle></title> <para><application>Dive Into Python</application> –µ –∫–Ω–∏–≥–∞, –∑–∞ –¥–∞ —Å–µ –Ω–∞—É—á–∏—Ç–µ –∫–∞–∫ –¥–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ Python, –Ω–∞—Å–æ—á–µ–Ω–∞ –∫—ä–º –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Å—Ç–∏, –∫–æ–∏—Ç–æ –∏–º–∞—Ç –æ–ø–∏—Ç.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:diveintopython">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>diveintopython</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ó–∞ –¥–∞ –∏–∑–ø–æ–ª–∑–≤–∞—Ç–µ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞, –ø–æ—Å–µ—Ç–µ—Ç–µ <ulink url="file:///usr/share/doc/diveintopython/html/toc/index.html">diveintopython</ulink>.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect2> <sect2 id="pygtk-tutorial" status="review"> <title>PyGTK —É–ø—ä—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ</title> <para><application>PyGTK –æ–±–∏–∫–æ–ª–∫–∞</application> –µ –æ–±–∏–∫–æ–ª–∫–∞ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∫–∞ –Ω–∞ –≥—Ä–∞—Ñ–∏—á–Ω–∏ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏ —á–µ—Å—Ç–æ –∏–∑–ø–æ–ª–∑–≤–∞–Ω–∏ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ Ubuntu. –ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–∞–≥–∞ —Å–µ, —á–µ –∏–º–∞—Ç–µ –ø–æ–∑–Ω–∞–Ω–∏—è –∑–∞ Python, –Ω–æ –Ω–µ–∑–∞–¥—ä–ª–∂–∏—Ç–µ–ª–Ω–æ –ø–æ GTK.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:python-gtk2-tutorial">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>python-gtk2-tutorial</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ó–∞ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—ä–ø —Å–æ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è—Ç–∞, –ø–æ—Å–µ—Ç–µ—Ç–µ <ulink url="file:///usr/share/doc/python-gtk2-tutorial/html/index.html">python-gtk-tutorial</ulink>.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect2> <sect2 id="devhelp" status="review"> <title>Devhelp</title> <para><application>Devhelp</application> –µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∑–∞ —á–µ—Ç–µ–Ω–µ –∏ —Ç—ä—Ä—Å–µ–Ω–µ –≤ —Ü—è–ª–∞—Ç–∞ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è, –∫–æ—è—Ç–æ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞—Ç–µ.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:devhelp">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>devhelp</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ò–∑–±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏</guimenu><guisubmenu>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Devhelp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect2> </sect1> <sect1 id="build-essential" status="review"> <title>C –∏ C++</title> <para>–ö–æ–º–ø–∏–ª–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ—Ç–æ –Ω–∞ C –∏ C++ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏ –∏–∑–∏—Å–∫–≤–∞ –Ω—è–∫–æ–∏ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∏, –∫–æ–∏—Ç–æ –Ω–µ —Å–µ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞—Ç –ø–æ –ø–æ–¥—Ä–∞–∑–±–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:build-essential">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>build-essential</application></ulink>.</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–ò–º–∞ –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—ä–ø–Ω–∏ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏—Ü–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ C –∏ C++. –¢–µ–∑–∏, –∫–æ–∏—Ç–æ –∏—Å–∫–∞—Ç –¥–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞—Ç –≥—Ä–∞—Ñ–∏—á–Ω–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏ —â–µ —Ä–∞–∑–±–µ—Ä–∞—Ç, —á–µ –∏–∑–±–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ—Ç–æ –Ω–∞ –≥—Ä–∞—Ñ–∏—á–Ω–∏ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏/–ø–ª–∞—Ç—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞ —â–µ –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ—Ç–æ –ø–æ-—É–¥–æ–±–Ω–æ. –î–≤–µ—Ç–µ –Ω–∞–π-–ø–æ–ø—É–ª—è—Ä–Ω–∏ –ø–ª–∞—Ç—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∏ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ –∑–∞ Ubuntu —Å–∞ <quote>GTK/GNOME</quote> –∏ <quote>Qt/KDE</quote>, –∫–∞—Ç–æ –≤—Å—è–∫–∞ –µ–¥–Ω–∞ –æ—Ç —Ç—è—Ö –∏–º–∞ —Å–≤–æ–π —Å–æ–±—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä –æ—Ç –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏ –∏ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è.</para> <sect2 id="anjuta-ide" status="review"> <title>Anjuta IDE –∑–∞ GNOME</title> <para><application>Anjuta</application> –µ IDE –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤ C –∏ C++ –∑–∞ –ø–ª–∞—Ç—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ç–∞ <quote>GNOME</quote>.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:anjuta">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>anjuta</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω–µ—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Anjuta IDE</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, –∑–∞ –¥–∞ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–∞—Ç–µ <application>anjuta</application>.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect2> </sect1> <sect1 id="java" status="review"> <title>Java</title> <note> <para>–ó–∞ <emphasis>PowerPC</emphasis> –º–∞—à–∏–Ω–∏, –≤–∏–∂—Ç–µ <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Java">–û–Ω–ª–∞–π–Ω –ø–æ–º–æ—â –Ω–∞ Ubuntu</ulink>.</para> </note> <para>Java, —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–µ–Ω–∞ –æ—Ç Sun Microsystems –µ –∏ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–ø—Ä–µ—Ç–∏—Ä–∞—â –µ–∑–∏–∫, –∫–æ–π—Ç–æ –µ –∫–æ–º–ø–∏–ª–∏—Ä–∞–Ω —Å –±–∞–π—Ç–∫–æ–¥. –ë–∞–π—Ç–∫–æ–¥–∞ –º–æ–∂–µ –¥–∞ —Å–µ –∏–∑–ø—ä–ª–Ω–∏ –Ω–∞ –≤—Å—è–∫–∞ Java Virtual Machine (Java –≤–∏—Ä—Ç—É–∞–ª–Ω–∞ –º–∞—à–∏–Ω–∞), –∫–∞—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏ Java –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –º–æ–±–∏–ª–µ–Ω –µ–∑–∏–∫. –û–±–µ–∫—Ç–Ω–æ –æ—Ä–∏–µ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ä–∞–Ω, –∏–º–∞ –ø–æ–¥–æ–±–µ–Ω —Å–∏–Ω—Ç–∞–∫—Å–∏—Å –∫–∞—Ç–æ –Ω–∞ C –∏ –µ –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç–∏—Ä–∞–Ω —Å –ø–æ-–≤–∏—Å–æ–∫–∞ –∑–∞—â–∏—Ç–∞.</para> <sect2 id="java-installing" status="writing"> <title>–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</title> <para>Ubuntu –ø–æ–¥–¥—ä—Ä–∂–∞ –∏ –¥–≤–µ—Ç–µ Java 1.5 –∏ 1.6 –≤ –∏–¥–≤–µ—Ç–µ Sun –∏ Open Source.</para> <sect3 id="java-installing-15" status="writing"> <title>JDK 1.5</title> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:sun-java5-jdk">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>sun-java5-jdk</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ü—Ä–æ—á–µ—Ç–µ—Ç–µ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–æ–Ω–Ω–æ—Ç–æ —Å–ø–æ—Ä–∞–∑—É–º–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞ Java. –¢—Ä—è–±–≤–∞ –¥–∞ —Å—Ç–µ —Å—ä–≥–ª–∞—Å–Ω–∏ —Å –Ω–µ–≥–æ, –∑–∞ –¥–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–¥—ä–ª–∂–∏—Ç–µ.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ó–∞ –¥–∞ –∏–∑–ø–æ–ª–∑–≤–∞ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞—Ç–∞ –≤–∏ Sun Java –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—è –ø–æ –ø–æ–¥—Ä–∞–∑–±–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ GIJ (—Å –æ—Ç–≤–æ—Ä–µ–Ω –∫–æ–¥, –Ω–æ –ø–æ-–º–∞–ª–∫–æ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–æ–Ω–∞–ª–µ–Ω), —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ: <screen>sudo update-alternatives --config java</screen> –∏ –∏–∑–±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç–µ –æ–ø—Ü–∏—è—Ç–∞, –∫–æ—è—Ç–æ —Å—ä–¥—ä—Ä–∂–∞ <filename>j2re1.5-sun</filename> –≤ —Å–µ–±–µ —Å–∏.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect3> <sect3 id="java-installing-16" status="writing"> <title>JDK 1.6</title> <para>Java 1.6 —Å—ä—â–æ –µ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—ä–ø–Ω–∞ –∏ –º–æ–∂–µ –¥–∞ –±—ä–¥–µ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–∞ –∫–∞—Ç–æ —Å–ª–µ–¥–≤–∞—Ç–µ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ü–∏–∏—Ç–µ –ø–æ-–≥–æ—Ä–µ –∏ –∑–∞–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç–µ 1.5 —Å 1.6</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:sun-java6-jdk">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>sun-java6-jdk</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ü—Ä–æ—á–µ—Ç–µ—Ç–µ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–æ–Ω–Ω–æ—Ç–æ —Å–ø–æ—Ä–∞–∑—É–º–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞ Java. –¢—Ä—è–±–≤–∞ –¥–∞ —Å—Ç–µ —Å—ä–≥–ª–∞—Å–Ω–∏ —Å –Ω–µ–≥–æ, –∑–∞ –¥–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–¥—ä–ª–∂–∏—Ç–µ.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ó–∞ –¥–∞ –∑–∞–ø–æ—á–Ω–µ –≤–∞—à–∞—Ç–∞ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞ –¥–∞ –∏–∑–ø–æ–ª–∑–≤–∞ Sun Java –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –æ—Ç–≤–æ—Ä–µ–Ω–∏—è –∫–æ–¥ (–Ω–æ-–º–∞–ª–∫–æ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–æ–Ω–∞–ª–µ–Ω) GIJ, –∫–æ–π—Ç–æ –µ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–Ω –ø–æ –ø–æ–¥—Ä–∞–∑–±–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ, –∏–∑–ø—ä–ª–Ω–µ—Ç–µ: <screen>sudo update-alternatives --config java</screen> –∏ –∏–∑–±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç–µ –æ–ø—Ü–∏—è—Ç–∞, –∫–æ—è—Ç–æ –∏–º–∞ <filename>j2re1.6-sun</filename> –≤ –Ω–µ—è.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect3> </sect2> <sect2 id="java-hello-world" status="writing"> <title>–ó–¥—Ä–∞–≤–µ–π –°–≤—è—Ç</title> <para>–í—ä–≤–µ–¥–µ—Ç–µ —Å–ª–µ–¥–Ω–∏—è –∫–æ–¥ –≤ –ø–æ–ª–µ—Ç–æ –∑–∞ –≤—ä–≤–µ–∂–¥–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ —Ç–µ–∫—Å—Ç –∏ –≥–æ –∑–∞–ø–∞–∑–µ—Ç–µ –∫–∞—Ç–æ "Hello.java":</para> <screen>public class Hello { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello world"); } } </screen> <para>–û—Ç–≤–æ—Ä–µ—Ç–µ —Ç–µ—Ä–º–∏–Ω–∞–ª –∏ –∫–æ–º–ø–∏–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –≤–∞—à–∏—è –∫–æ–¥ –∫–∞—Ç–æ –≤—ä–≤–µ–¥–µ—Ç–µ:<screen>javac Hello.java</screen>. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –¥–∞ –∏–∑–ø—ä–ª–Ω–∏—Ç–µ –≤–∞—à–∏—è –∫–æ–¥ –∫–∞—Ç–æ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—à–µ—Ç–µ:<screen>java Hello</screen></para> </sect2> <sect2 id="java-ide" status="writing"> <title>–í–≥—Ä–∞–¥–µ–Ω–∏ —Å—Ä–µ–¥–∏ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∫–∞</title> <sect3 id="java-ide-eclipse" status="review"> <title>Eclipse IDE –∑–∞ Java</title> <para>–ü–ª–∞—Ç—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ç–∞ <application>Eclipse</application> –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤—è –ø—ä–ª–Ω–∞, –≥—ä–≤–∫–∞–≤–∞ Java —Å—Ä–µ–¥–∞ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:eclipse">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>eclipse</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω–µ—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Eclipse IDE</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, –∑–∞ –¥–∞ –∑–∞–ø–æ—á–Ω–µ—Ç–µ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞ —Å <application>Eclipse</application>.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect3> <sect3 id="java-ide-netbeans" status="review"> <title>Netbeans</title> <para>–ü–ª–∞—Ç—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ç–∞ <application>Netbeans</application> –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤—è –ø—ä–ª–Ω–∞, –≥—ä–≤–∫–∞–≤–∞ Java —Å—Ä–µ–¥–∞ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:netbeans">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>netbeans</application></ulink>.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect3> </sect2> </sect1> <sect1 id="programming-otherlanguages" status="review"> <title>–î—Ä—É–≥–∏ –µ–∑–∏—Ü–∏ –∑–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</title> <para>–ò–º–∞ –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏ –∑–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—ä–ø–Ω–∏ –≤ Ubuntu –∑–∞ –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –µ–∑–∏—Ü–∏ –∑–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ. –¢–∞–∑–∏ —Å–µ–∫—Ü–∏—è –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤—è –∫—Ä–∞—Ç—ä–∫ —Å–ø–∏—Å—ä–∫ —Å –Ω—è–∫–æ–∏ –æ—Ç –ø–æ-—á–µ—Å—Ç–æ –∏–∑–ø–æ–ª–∑–≤–∞–Ω–∏—Ç–µ –µ–∑–∏—Ü–∏.</para> <sect2 id="mono" status="review"> <title>Mono .NET —Å—Ä–µ–¥–∞ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ</title> <para><application>Mono</application> –µ –∏–º–ø–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ <application>.NET</application> —Å—Ç–∞–∫–∞, –∫–æ–π—Ç–æ –≤–∏ –ø–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª—è–≤–∞ –¥–∞ –ø–∏—à–µ—Ç–µ –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ–ø–ª–∞—Ç—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–µ–Ω–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏ –Ω–∞ –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –µ–∑–∏—Ü–∏, –≤–∫–ª—é—á–∏—Ç–µ–ª–Ω–æ C#, Java, Visual Basic .NET –∏ JavaScript. –ü–æ–≤–µ—á–µ –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—è –∑–∞ <application>Mono</application> –µ –Ω–∞–ª–∏—á–Ω–∞ –æ—Ç <ulink url="http://www.mono-project.com/">–¥–æ–º–∞—à–Ω–∞—Ç–∞ —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ü–∞ –Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç–∞ Mono</ulink>.</para> <procedure> <step> <para>–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ <ulink url="apt:monodevelop"><application>monodevelop</application></ulink> –∏ <ulink url="apt:monodoc"><application>monodoc</application></ulink> packages.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω–µ—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>MonoDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, –∑–∞ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–∞—Ç–µ <application>MonoDevelop</application> IDE.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω–µ—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>MonoDoc</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, –∑–∞ –¥–∞ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–∞—Ç–µ –±—Ä–∞—É–∑—ä—Ä–∞ —Å –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è –Ω–∞ <application>Monodoc</application>.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect2> <sect2 id="basic" status="review"> <title>Gambas –≥—Ä–∞—Ñ–∏—á–µ–Ω BASIC –µ–∑–∏–∫</title> <para><application>Gambas</application> –µ –ø–æ–¥–æ–±–Ω–∞ —Å—Ä–µ–¥–∞ –Ω–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–≤–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ <application>Visual Basic</application>, –∫–æ—è—Ç–æ –≤–∏ –ø–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª—è–≤–∞ –±—ä—Ä–∑–æ –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ –∏ –∏–∑–≥—Ä–∞–∂–¥–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ –≥—Ä–∞—Ñ–∏—á–Ω–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏ –¥ –ø–æ–º–æ—â—Ç–∞ –Ω–∞ –ª–µ—Å–µ–Ω –∑–∞ –Ω–∞—É—á–∞–≤–∞–Ω–µ BASIC –µ–∑–∏–∫.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:gambas">–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ <application>gambas</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω–µ—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Gambas</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, –∑–∞ –¥–∞ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–∞—Ç–µ <application>Gambas</application> IDE.</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–° <application>Gambas</application> —Å–∞ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–µ–Ω–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–Ω–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏, –∫–æ–∏—Ç–æ –º–æ–≥–∞—Ç –¥–∞ –≤–∏ –ø–æ–º–æ–≥–Ω–∞—Ç –¥–∞ –Ω–∞—É—á–∏—Ç–µ –µ–∑–∏–∫–∞. –ó–∞ –¥–∞ –≤–∏–¥–∏—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∞, —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ <application>Gambas</application>, –Ω–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω–µ—Ç–µ <guibutton>Examples</guibutton> –≤ –µ–∫—Ä–∞–Ω–∞ <guilabel>Welcome to Gambas!</guilabel> –∏ –∏–∑–±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–∞, –∫–æ–π—Ç–æ –∏—Å–∫–∞—Ç–µ –¥–∞ –≤–∏–¥–∏—Ç–µ.</para> </sect2> </sect1> <sect1 id="programming-devtools" status="review"> <title>–ò–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∫–∞</title> <para>–î–æ—Å—Ç—ä–ø–Ω–∏ —Å–∞ –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏ –∑–∞ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∫–∞ –∑–∞ Ubuntu. –ü–æ–¥–±—Ä–∞–Ω–∏ –æ—Ç —Ç—è—Ö —Å–∞ –æ–ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω–∏ –æ—Ç–¥–æ–ª—É.</para> <sect2 id="source-code-management" status="review"> <title>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∏ –∑–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞ –≤–µ—Ä—Å–∏—è</title> <sect3 id="bzr" status="review"> <title>Bazaar-NG</title> <para><application>Bazaar-NG</application> –µ –¥–µ—Ü–µ–Ω—Ç—Ä–∞–ª–∏–∑–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–∞ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞ –∑–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –∏–∑–ø–æ–ª–∑–≤–∞–Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–∏ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∫–∞—Ç–∞ –Ω–∞ Ubuntu</para> <procedure> <step> <para>–ò–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–∏—Ä–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ <ulink url="apt:bzr"><application>bzr</application></ulink> –∏ <ulink url="apt:bzr-gtk"><application>bzr-gtk</application></ulink>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω–µ—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏</guimenu><guisubmenu>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Olive bazaar Branch Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, –∑–∞ –¥–∞ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–∞—Ç–µ –≥—Ä–∞—Ñ–∏—á–Ω–∏—è –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä—Ñ–µ–π—Å <application>Bazaar-GTK</application> –∏–ª–∏ –¥–∞ –∏–∑–ø–æ–ª–∑–≤–∞—Ç–µ –∫–æ–º–∞–Ω–¥–Ω–∏—è —Ä–µ–¥, –∫–∞—Ç–æ –æ—Ç–≤–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ —Ç–µ—Ä–º–∏–Ω–∞–ª –∏ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—à–µ—Ç–µ: <screen>bzr</screen></para> </step> </procedure> </sect3> <sect3 id="othervcs"> <title>–î—Ä—É–≥–∞ –≤–µ—Ä—Å–∏—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞ –∑–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ</title> <itemizedlist> <listitem> <para><ulink url="http://subversion.tigris.org/">Subversion</ulink> (SVN) –µ –≤–µ—Ä—Å–∏—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞ –∑–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –ø—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∞–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∞ –∑–∞ –∑–∞–º—è–Ω–∞ –Ω–∞ CVS.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><ulink url="http://www.nongnu.org/cvs/">CVS</ulink> —Å—ä—â–æ –µ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—ä–ø–Ω–∞, –≤—ä–ø—Ä–µ–∫–∏ —Ç–æ–≤–∞ —Ç—Ä—è–±–≤–∞ —Å–µ—Ä–∏–æ–∑–Ω–æ –¥–∞ –ø–æ–º–∏—Å–ª–∏—Ç–µ –¥–∞–ª–∏ –¥–∞ –∏–∑–ø–æ–ª–∑–≤–∞—Ç–µ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∞ –≤–µ—Ä—Å–∏—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞ –∑–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∑–∞ –Ω–æ–≤–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç–∏.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </sect3> </sect2> <sect2 id="other-programming-tools" status="review"> <title>–î—Ä—É–≥–∏ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏</title> <itemizedlist> <listitem><para><ulink url="http://glade.gnome.org/">Glade</ulink> –µ –∑–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç–∏—Ä–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–µ–±–∏—Ç–µ–ª—Å–∫–∏ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä—Ñ–µ–π—Å –∑–∞ –∏–∑–≥—Ä–∞–∂–¥–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ GNOME –∏ GTK –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </sect2> </sect1> </article>